Adding individuals to a tidyged object can be achieved with the add_indi() function. The sex of the individual can be specified with the sex parameter, which is a single letter: M(ale), F(emale), (Interse)X, U(nknown), N(ot recorded). If no sex is specified, a value of “U” is used.
As with other records, various types of user-defined references can be defined (user_reference_numbers).
Individuals can be removed with the remove_indi() function.
Individuals can be given more than one name. These can be different kinds of name such as birth name or adoptive name, or if there is uncertainty, variants of these based on conflicting evidence sources. There is also the ability to provide phonetic and romanised variants of names. Given this complexity, the name is usually not immediately defined when creating an Individual record.
There is a quick and dirty way of adding a name with the qn parameter, but this is just for use in quick demonstrations and should not be used for serious genealogical recording. The function will crudely place the entire string as the given name of the individual:
library(tidyged)
gedcom(subm("Me")) |>
add_indi(qn = "Leia Skywalker") |>
dplyr::filter(record == "@I1@") |>
knitr::kable()
#> Added Unknown Individual: @I1@| level | record | tag | value |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | @I1@ | INDI | |
| 1 | @I1@ | SEX | U |
| 1 | @I1@ | NAME | Leia Skywalker |
| 2 | @I1@ | GIVN | Leia Skywalker |
| 1 | @I1@ | CHAN | |
| 2 | @I1@ | DATE | 22 JUN 2022 |
The main function for providing names for an individual is add_indi_names(). The main argument is a name_pieces() object giving the components of the name. If you’re going to add a name, at least provide a given name or surname:
leia <- gedcom(subm("Me")) |>
add_indi() |>
add_indi_names(name_pieces(given = "Leia", surname = "Skywalker"), type = "birth")
#> Added Unknown Individual: @I1@
knitr::kable(dplyr::filter(leia, record == "@I1@") )| level | record | tag | value |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | @I1@ | INDI | |
| 1 | @I1@ | SEX | U |
| 1 | @I1@ | NAME | Leia /Skywalker/ |
| 2 | @I1@ | TYPE | birth |
| 2 | @I1@ | GIVN | Leia |
| 2 | @I1@ | SURN | Skywalker |
| 1 | @I1@ | CHAN | |
| 2 | @I1@ | DATE | 22 JUN 2022 |
In the GEDCOM specification, all names should be provided by a set of name pieces, specifying the given name, surname, nickname, etc. The function will then automatically construct a formatted full name from this information (surrounding surnames with forward slashes - as given in the specification). Nicknames are not included.
An individual’s name (and name pieces) can be removed using the remove_indi_name() function. Even though the add_indi_names() function surrounds the surname with forward slashes, these are not required to specify the name to remove:
leia |>
remove_indi_name("Leia Skywalker") |>
dplyr::filter(record == "@I1@") |>
knitr::kable()| level | record | tag | value |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | @I1@ | INDI | |
| 1 | @I1@ | SEX | U |
| 1 | @I1@ | CHAN | |
| 2 | @I1@ | DATE | 22 JUN 2022 |
This name needs to match exactly to the one to remove.
Once we have defined a name for an individual, we can also define phonetic and romanised versions of the name. For this, we use the add_indi_names_var() function. As a minimum, the original name, variant name pieces, derivation method, and whether it is a phonetic or romanised variation should be given. The original name must be given exactly as it is represented in the file without forward slashes (“Leia Skywalker”):
leia_var <- leia |>
add_indi_names_var("Leia Skywalker", method = "As spoken",
name_pieces(given = "Laya", surname = "Skywalker"), phonetic_variation = TRUE)
knitr::kable(dplyr::filter(leia_var, record == "@I1@"))| level | record | tag | value |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | @I1@ | INDI | |
| 1 | @I1@ | SEX | U |
| 1 | @I1@ | NAME | Leia /Skywalker/ |
| 2 | @I1@ | TYPE | birth |
| 2 | @I1@ | GIVN | Leia |
| 2 | @I1@ | SURN | Skywalker |
| 2 | @I1@ | FONE | Laya /Skywalker/ |
| 3 | @I1@ | TYPE | As spoken |
| 3 | @I1@ | GIVN | Laya |
| 3 | @I1@ | SURN | Skywalker |
| 1 | @I1@ | CHAN | |
| 2 | @I1@ | DATE | 22 JUN 2022 |
An individual’s name variation can be removed using the remove_indi_name_var() function.
The type parameter can also define different names for the individual. Below we add a line to define an adoptive name (the parameter can take any value):
leia_adop <- leia_var |>
add_indi_names(name_pieces(given = "Leia", surname = "Organa"), type = "adoptive")
knitr::kable(dplyr::filter(leia_adop, record == "@I1@"))| level | record | tag | value |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | @I1@ | INDI | |
| 1 | @I1@ | SEX | U |
| 1 | @I1@ | NAME | Leia /Skywalker/ |
| 2 | @I1@ | TYPE | birth |
| 2 | @I1@ | GIVN | Leia |
| 2 | @I1@ | SURN | Skywalker |
| 2 | @I1@ | FONE | Laya /Skywalker/ |
| 3 | @I1@ | TYPE | As spoken |
| 3 | @I1@ | GIVN | Laya |
| 3 | @I1@ | SURN | Skywalker |
| 1 | @I1@ | NAME | Leia /Organa/ |
| 2 | @I1@ | TYPE | adoptive |
| 2 | @I1@ | GIVN | Leia |
| 2 | @I1@ | SURN | Organa |
| 1 | @I1@ | CHAN | |
| 2 | @I1@ | DATE | 22 JUN 2022 |
GEDCOM files can also record different names of the same type, perhaps due to conflicting evidence. Below we define a name of Leia Skywaker (with no l) indicating some kind of transcription error:
leia_conf <- leia_adop |>
add_indi_names(name_pieces(given = "Leia", surname = "Skywaker"), type = "birth")
knitr::kable(dplyr::filter(leia_conf, record == "@I1@"))| level | record | tag | value |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | @I1@ | INDI | |
| 1 | @I1@ | SEX | U |
| 1 | @I1@ | NAME | Leia /Skywalker/ |
| 2 | @I1@ | TYPE | birth |
| 2 | @I1@ | GIVN | Leia |
| 2 | @I1@ | SURN | Skywalker |
| 2 | @I1@ | FONE | Laya /Skywalker/ |
| 3 | @I1@ | TYPE | As spoken |
| 3 | @I1@ | GIVN | Laya |
| 3 | @I1@ | SURN | Skywalker |
| 1 | @I1@ | NAME | Leia /Organa/ |
| 2 | @I1@ | TYPE | adoptive |
| 2 | @I1@ | GIVN | Leia |
| 2 | @I1@ | SURN | Organa |
| 1 | @I1@ | NAME | Leia /Skywaker/ |
| 2 | @I1@ | TYPE | birth |
| 2 | @I1@ | GIVN | Leia |
| 2 | @I1@ | SURN | Skywaker |
| 1 | @I1@ | CHAN | |
| 2 | @I1@ | DATE | 22 JUN 2022 |
Generally, conflicting names are arranged in order of confidence; the first name is more likely to be correct. If you want to promote a name to occur first in the record, you can use the primary_indi_name() function:
leia_conf_first <- primary_indi_name(leia_conf, "Leia Skywaker")
knitr::kable(dplyr::filter(leia_conf_first, record == "@I1@"))| level | record | tag | value |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | @I1@ | INDI | |
| 1 | @I1@ | NAME | Leia /Skywaker/ |
| 2 | @I1@ | TYPE | birth |
| 2 | @I1@ | GIVN | Leia |
| 2 | @I1@ | SURN | Skywaker |
| 1 | @I1@ | SEX | U |
| 1 | @I1@ | NAME | Leia /Skywalker/ |
| 2 | @I1@ | TYPE | birth |
| 2 | @I1@ | GIVN | Leia |
| 2 | @I1@ | SURN | Skywalker |
| 2 | @I1@ | FONE | Laya /Skywalker/ |
| 3 | @I1@ | TYPE | As spoken |
| 3 | @I1@ | GIVN | Laya |
| 3 | @I1@ | SURN | Skywalker |
| 1 | @I1@ | NAME | Leia /Organa/ |
| 2 | @I1@ | TYPE | adoptive |
| 2 | @I1@ | GIVN | Leia |
| 2 | @I1@ | SURN | Organa |
| 1 | @I1@ | CHAN | |
| 2 | @I1@ | DATE | 22 JUN 2022 |
Note that the subrecords of the Individual record (those at level 1) can appear in any order.
Attributes and events associated with an individual, such as birth and death, are created using the add_indi_fact() function. The full list of facts that can be created are given in the Details section of the function help page.
This function allows you to define a fact, together with associated date, cause, place/address, and the age of the individual when the fact applied (among other aspects). In the example below, we add a residence for an individual. The first argument is given as “residence” for readability even though only the first 3 letters are used:
res <- gedcom(subm("Me")) |>
add_indi(sex = "M") |>
add_indi_fact("residence", date = date_period(start_date = date_calendar(2000, 5, 7),
end_date = date_calendar(2004, 5, 6)),
fact_address = address(local_address_lines = "23 Penny Lane",
city = "Orlando",
state = "Florida",
country = "United States of America"),
notes = "Co-habited with brother Henry")
#> Added Male Individual: @I1@
knitr::kable(dplyr::filter(res, record == "@I1@"))| level | record | tag | value |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | @I1@ | INDI | |
| 1 | @I1@ | SEX | M |
| 1 | @I1@ | RESI | |
| 2 | @I1@ | DATE | FROM 7 MAY 2000 TO 6 MAY 2004 |
| 2 | @I1@ | ADDR | |
| 3 | @I1@ | ADR1 | 23 Penny Lane |
| 3 | @I1@ | CITY | Orlando |
| 3 | @I1@ | STAE | Florida |
| 3 | @I1@ | CTRY | United States of America |
| 2 | @I1@ | NOTE | Co-habited with brother Henry |
| 1 | @I1@ | CHAN | |
| 2 | @I1@ | DATE | 22 JUN 2022 |
If the full address is not known, a more general place argument can be used which uses a place() object.
The example below defines a death event (in 2006) and a religion attribute (from 1978):
dea_rel <- gedcom(subm("Me")) |>
add_indi(sex = "M") |>
add_indi_fact("death", date = date_calendar(2006, 2, 17),
fact_place = place(name = "London, England"),
cause = "Pneumonia",
age = "68y") |>
add_indi_fact("religion", descriptor = "Christian", classification = "Catholic",
date = date_period(start_date = date_calendar(1978)))
#> Added Male Individual: @I1@
knitr::kable(dplyr::filter(dea_rel, record == "@I1@"))| level | record | tag | value |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | @I1@ | INDI | |
| 1 | @I1@ | SEX | M |
| 1 | @I1@ | DEAT | |
| 2 | @I1@ | DATE | 17 FEB 2006 |
| 2 | @I1@ | PLAC | London, England |
| 2 | @I1@ | CAUS | Pneumonia |
| 2 | @I1@ | AGE | 68y |
| 1 | @I1@ | RELI | Christian |
| 2 | @I1@ | TYPE | Catholic |
| 2 | @I1@ | DATE | FROM 1978 |
| 1 | @I1@ | CHAN | |
| 2 | @I1@ | DATE | 22 JUN 2022 |
You can see a summary of all facts associated with an individual with the df_indi_facts() function.
df_indi_facts(dea_rel, "@I1@") |> knitr::kable()| fact_type | description | TYPE | DATE | AGNC | CAUS | PLAC | LATI | LONG | ADR1 | ADR2 | ADR3 | CITY | STAE | CTRY | AGE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Death | NA | NA | 17 FEB 2006 | NA | Pneumonia | London, England | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 68y |
| Religion | Christian | Catholic | FROM 1978 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Typically when constructing a file, you would create all of the individuals in a family first, and then reference them when creating a Family Group record - this takes care of all of the appropriate record links for you. However, sometimes you want to retrospectively add an individual to a Family Group record that already exists. In this case you use the add_indi_links_to_families() function.
In the example below, we create Joe Bloggs and add him as a husband to a family. We then create Jess Bloggs and retrospectively add her as a wife to Joe.
ged_with_joe <- gedcom(subm("Me")) |>
add_indi("M") |>
add_indi_names(name_pieces(given = "Joe", surname = "Bloggs"))
#> Added Male Individual: @I1@
joe_xref <- find_indi_name(ged_with_joe, "Joe")
ged_with_husb <- add_famg(ged_with_joe, husband = joe_xref)
#> Added Family Group: @F1@
ged_with_jess <- ged_with_husb |>
add_indi("F") |>
add_indi_names(name_pieces(given = "Jess", surname = "Bloggs"))
#> Added Female Individual: @I2@
jess_xref <- find_indi_name(ged_with_jess, "Jess")
both <- add_indi_links_to_families(ged_with_jess, spouse = joe_xref)
knitr::kable(dplyr::filter(both, record %in% c("@F1@", "@I2@")))| level | record | tag | value |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | @F1@ | FAM | |
| 1 | @F1@ | HUSB | @I1@ |
| 1 | @F1@ | WIFE | @I2@ |
| 1 | @F1@ | CHAN | |
| 2 | @F1@ | DATE | 22 JUN 2022 |
| 0 | @I2@ | INDI | |
| 1 | @I2@ | SEX | F |
| 1 | @I2@ | NAME | Jess /Bloggs/ |
| 2 | @I2@ | GIVN | Jess |
| 2 | @I2@ | SURN | Bloggs |
| 1 | @I2@ | FAMS | @F1@ |
| 1 | @I2@ | CHAN | |
| 2 | @I2@ | DATE | 22 JUN 2022 |
Notice that Jess (@I2@) has now been defined as a wife in the Family Group record, and her record is linked to the Family Group record as a spouse (FAMS).
As well as defining the relationship as a spouse, you can also link individuals to Family Group records by providing the children or parents of the individual.